Jack's Philosophical World

  To what extent do Caney's arguments about reparations regarding anthropogenic climate change apply to the issue of reparations for slavery?     Caney makes a strong case to show that not paying forward reparations is in no way turning a blind eye towards people of color in terms of historical injustices. It is a very generalized idea in terms of it being right that people don't recognize the flaws in doing so. In terms of environmental reparations, Caney does not believe anyone is entitled to protection from climate threats, yet argues that people in places like Africa and other lower end countries bear the effects the hardest. Caney has problems with Parfit's take on climate in which he says it actually benefits future people. With people already feeling the effects of climate change, and a potential skyrocket of hunger Caney believes that action must taken. Her arguments about reparations do not apply to her views on climate reparations becaus...

                 The Second- The duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of radiation corresponding to a hyperfine transition of cesium-133  in the ground state.                    Standard clocks measure each second in what is called universal time. Not every clock is accurate, but each clock measures the frequencies of the cesiums as best they can. There are some much more accurate clocks that monitor the accuracy of the cesium interactions. If we didn't keep track of time, none of this would be relevant! Since we do though and each second is defined so  distinctly, the motions of these small atoms make time relevant. 

 The relativity of time is the fact that two events that may occur at the same moment, are actually not the same moment. It is a complex thought that may be confusing, but examples are helpful. In New York, someone wants to throw a baseball as far as they can. Let's say someone in Paris has the same exact idea, and they want to do it at the exact same time. The relativity of simultaneity is that when the balls are thrown, they will not be thrown at the exact same moment. Although they can say it was at the same time, form a distant observer (maybe up in a plane between the two countries), it will not be at the same moment. What is not relativity to simultaneity is appearance simultaneity. Norton uses an example that involves watching a star explode in space. Although we may think it just happened in the present, it may have happened 10 million years ago. Norton explains that you cannot clarify the relativity until the appearance factor is solved, because there is relativity to it. ...