• Do we have duties to protect future people from adverse effects of climate change? Why? Who is “we”?

Many people say we do. As Caney says, Climate Change is widely recognized, and soon we are going to have to start changing the way we treat our planet. If something is widely recognized, and is not acted upon, it shows major incompetence. What if one day, our planet becomes uninhabitable, and we knew we we were on a path to trouble? Future people may hate us for all we know because we could have stopped it.  I will not say that though, because we have no idea what the future holds. When you ask who is. "we", I believe we is referred to the human race of today. People should become more proactive about unplugging things when they aren't being used, and turning the coffee maker off when its done.  These little things can add up, and it may seem small but if everyone left their lights on, it would be a problem. The government also comes into play here, and when signs become visible that we need to change our habits, the government should listen to those signs. But again, it does not fall just on the government. People can act. For example, ships have been going out to sea over the recent months and are spending weeks just removing the plastic that rots our world's oceans. Things like this, even if small, can make a difference. At least by doing the small things, we can say we aren't the polluters.